Java Performance Tuning

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Note that this page is very large. The tips on this page are categorized in other pages. Use the tips index page to access smaller focused listings of tips.

This page lists many other pages available on the web, together with a condensed list of tuning tips that each page includes. For the most part I've eliminated any tips that are wrong, but one or two may have slipped past me. Remember that the tuning tips listed are not necessarily good coding practice. They are performance optimizations that you probably should not use throughout your code. Instead they apply to speeding up critical sections of code where performance has already been identified as a problem.

The tips here include only those that are available online for free. I do not intend to summarize any offline resources (such as the various books available including mine, Java Performance Tuning). The tips here are of very variable quality and usefulness, some real gems but some dross and quite a bit of repetition. Comments in square brackets, [], have been added by me.

Use this page by using your browser's "find" or "search" option to identify particular tips you are interested in on the page, and follow up by reading the referenced web page if clarification is necessary.

This page is currently 411KB. This page is updated once a month. You can receive email notification of any changes by subscribing to the newsletter


http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2001/02/22/optimization.html
Performance planning for managers (Page last updated February 2001, Added 2001-03-21, Author Jack Shirazi, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

ftp://ftp.ora.com/pub/examples/java/javapt/technique-list.html
A long list of most of the tuning techniques covered in my "Java Performance Tuning" book (Page last updated August 2000, Added 2000-10-23, Author Jack Shirazi, Publisher O'Reilly). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2001/05/30/optimization.html
Comparing the performance of LinkedLists and ArrayLists (and Vectors) (Page last updated May 2001, Added 2001-06-18, Author Jack Shirazi, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2001/07/09/optimization.html
Using the WeakHashMap class (Page last updated June 2001, Added 2001-07-20, Author Jack Shirazi, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://java.oreilly.com/news/jptsummary_1100.html
ftp://ftp.ora.com/pub/examples/java/javapt/summary.html
A high level overview of technical performance tuning, covering 5 levels of tuning competence. (Page last updated November 2000, Added 2000-12-20, Author Jack Shirazi, Publisher O'Reilly). Tips:

http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/javapt/chapter/ch04.html
Chapter 4 of "Java Performance Tuning", "Object Creation". (Page last updated September 2000, Added 2000-10-23, Author Jack Shirazi, Publisher O'Reilly). Tips:

http://java.oreilly.com/news/javaperf_0900.html
My article on basic optimizations for queries on collections (Page last updated September 2000, Added 2000-10-23, Author Jack Shirazi, Publisher O'Reilly). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-11-2000/jw-1117-optimize.html
Article about optimizing queries on Maps. (Page last updated November 2000, Added 2000-12-20, Author Jack Shirazi, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2001/01/25/hash_functions.html
Optimizing hash functions: generating a perfect hash function (Page last updated January 2001, Added 2001-02-21, Author Jack Shirazi, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2002/03/20/optimization.html
Microtuning (Page last updated March 2002, Added 2002-03-25, Author Jack Shirazi, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2000/12/15/formatting_doubles.html
Efficiently formatting doubles (Page last updated December 2000, Added 2000-12-20, Author Jack Shirazi, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2001/09/25/optimization.html
Multiprocess JVMs (Page last updated September 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Jack Shirazi, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2001/12/05/optimization.html
Measuring JDBC performance (Page last updated December 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Author Jack Shirazi, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2001/08/22/optimization.html
Catching OutOfMemoryErrors (Page last updated August 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Jack Shirazi, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2001/10/23/optimization.html
The RandomAccess interface. (Page last updated October 2001, Added 2001-11-27, Author Jack Shirazi, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~mdw/proj/java-nbio/
Whoopee!! A non-blocking I/O library for Java. This is the single most important functionality missing from the SDK for scalable server applications. The important class is SelectSet which allows you to multiplex all your i/o streams. If you want a scalable server and can use this class then DO SO. NOTE THAT SDK 1.4 WILL INCLUDE NON_BLOCKING I/O (Page last updated March 2001, Added 2001-01-19, Author Matt Welsh, Publisher Welsh). Tips:

http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~jch/java/optimization.html
For years, Jonathan Hardwick's old but classic site was the only coherent Java performance tuning site on the web. He built it while doing his PhD. It wasn't updated beyond March 1998, when he moved to Microsoft, but most tips are still useful and valid. The URL is for the top page, there are another eight pages. Thanks Jonathan. (Page last updated March 1998, Added 2000-10-23, Author Jonathan Hardwick, Publisher Hardwick). Tips:

http://www.ddjembedded.com/resources/articles/2001/0112g/0112g.htm
Balancing Network Load with Priority Queues (Page last updated December 2001, Added 2002-02-22, Author Frank Fabian, Publisher Dr. Dobb's). Tips:

http://library.cs.tuiasi.ro/programming/java/cutting_edge_java_game_programming/ewtoc.html
"Cutting Edge Java Game Programming". Oldish but still useful intro book to games programming using Java. (Page last updated 1996, Added 2001-06-18, Author Neil Bartlett, Steve Simkin , Publisher Coriolis). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-03-2001/jw-0323-performance.html
Designing remote interfaces (Page last updated March 2001, Added 2001-04-20, Author Brian Goetz, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.glenmccl.com/jperf/
Glen McCluskey's paper with 30 tuning tips, now free. (Page last updated October 1999, Added 2000-10-23, Author Glen McCluskey, Publisher McCluskey). Tips:

http://www.sun.com/solaris/java/wp-java/6.html
Performance tuning part of a white paper about Java on Solaris 2.6. (Page last updated 2000, Added 2000-10-23, Author ?, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.javareport.com/html/from_pages/article.asp?id=252
Detailed article on load testing systems (Page last updated January 2001, Added 2001-01-19, Author Himanshu Bhatt, Publisher Java Report). Tips:

http://www.devx.com/free/articles/2000/maso01/maso01-1.asp
Article on using syslog to track performance across distributed systems (Page last updated December 2000, Added 2001-01-19, Author Brian Maso, Publisher DevX). Tips:

http://www.as400.ibm.com/developer/java/topics/jdbctips.html
JDBC Performance Tips (targeted at AS/400, but generically applicable) (Page last updated February 2001, Added 2001-03-21, Authors Richard Dettinger and Mark Megerian, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www.patrick.net/jpt/index.html
Patrick Killelea's Java performance tips. (Page last updated 1999, Added 2000-10-23, Author Patrick Killelea, Publisher Killelea). Tips:

http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/extra/fullscreen/
Tutorial on the full screen capabilities in the 1.4 release (5 pages plus example pages under the top page) (Page last updated June 2001, Added 2001-06-18, Author Michael Martak, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.devresource.hp.com/JavaATC/JavaPerfTune/index.html
HP Java tuning site, including optimizing Java and optimizing HPUX for Java. This is the top page, but several useful pages lie off it (tips extracted for inclusion below). Includes a nice "procedure" list for tuning apps, and some useful forms for what you should record while tuning. (Page last updated 2000, Added 2000-10-23, Author ?, Publisher HP). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=671
J2EE Application server performance (Page last updated April 2001, Added 2001-04-20, Author Misha Davidson, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-04-2001/jw-0406-syslog.html
Using the Syslog class for logging (Page last updated April 2001, Added 2001-04-20, Author Nate Sammons, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/Programming/PerfTuning/
Glen McCluskey's article on tuning Java I/O performance. Weak on serialization tuning. (Page last updated March 1999, Added 2000-10-23, Author Glen McCluskey, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/ebeans/ejbperformance/
Designing Entity Beans for Improved Performance (Page last updated March 2001, Added 2001-03-21, Author Beth Stearns, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.bastie.de/resource/res/mjp.pdf and http://www.bastie.de/java/mjperformance/contents.html
Performance tuning report in German. Thanks to Peter Kofler for extracting the tips. (Page last updated November 2001, Added 2001-07-20, Author Sebastian Ritter, Publisher Ritter). Tips:

http://java.sun.com/features/2002/03/swinggui.html
Accelerating GUI apps (after 1.4) (Page last updated March 2002, Added 2002-04-26, Author Dana Nourie, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/J2METechTips/2002/tt0325.html
MIDP tips (Page last updated March 2002, Added 2002-04-26, Author Eric Giguere, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-09-1996/jw-09-indepth.html
Article about avoiding creating objects where possible. (Page last updated 1996, Added 2000-10-23, Author Chuck McManis, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://java.sun.com/people/jag/Fallacies.html
The Eight Fallacies of Distributed Computing (Page last updated 2000, Added 2002-03-25, Author Peter Deutsch, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-01-2001/jw-0112-performance.html
Article on designing for performance focusing on interfaces (Page last updated January 2001, Added 2001-02-21, Author Brian Goetz, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://java.sun.com/docs/hotspot/PerformanceFAQ.html
HotSpot FAQ (Page last updated August 2000, Added 2001-02-21, Author ?, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.unixsolutions.hp.com/products/java/perf.html
A different HP tip page on optimizing Java performance, from the "HP-UX Programmer's Guide for Java". Gives info on HP system performance monitoring too (Page last updated ?, Added 2000-10-23, Author ?, Publisher HP). Tips:

http://www.artima.com/designtechniques/hotspot.html
Bill Venners on "the right way to optimize" (Page last updated May 1998, Added 2000-10-23, Author Bill Venners, Publisher Artima). Tips:

http://www.informit.com/content/index.asp?product_id={11E331A5-5A08-4FFD-B018-2A7E24D0359B}
Application performance tuning (Page last updated July 2002, Added 2002-07-24, Author Baya Pavliashvili and Kevin Kline, Publisher informIT). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-11-1999/jw-11-performance.html
Object management article (Page last updated November 1999, Added 2000-12-20, Author Dennis M. Sosnoski, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://cin.earthweb.com/public/article/0,,10493_1145241,00.html
Website usability metrics (Page last updated May 2002, Added 2002-07-24, Author Sharon Gaudin, Publisher EarthWeb). Tips:

http://itmanagement.earthweb.com/ecom/article/0,,11952_1370691,00.html
Common issues affecting Web performance (Page last updated June 2002, Added 2002-07-24, Author Drew Robb, Publisher EarthWeb). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=1533
The smallest "Hello World" (Page last updated July 2002, Added 2002-07-24, Author Norman Richards, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-11-2000/jw-1110-smartproxy.html
Article on using smart proxies. (Page last updated November 2000, Added 2001-01-19, Author M. Jeff Wilson, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www-4.ibm.com/software/webservers/appserv/ws_bestpractices.pdf
Paper detailing the "Best Practices for Developing High Performance Web and Enterprise Applications" using IBM's WebSphere. All the tips are generally applicable to servlet/EJB development, as well as other types of server development. (Page last updated September 2000, Added 2001-01-19, Author Harvey W. Gunther, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www-4.ibm.com/software/webservers/appserv/3steps_perf_tuning.pdf
Tuning IBM's WebSphere product. White paper: "Methodology for Production Performance Tuning". Only non-product specific Java tips have been extracted here. (Page last updated September 2000, Added 2001-01-19, Author Gennaro (Jerry) Cuomo, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/sg245657.html
WebSphere V3 Performance Tuning Guide (Page last updated March 2000, Added 2001-01-19, Authors Ken Ueno, Tom Alcott, Jeff Carlson, Andrew Dunshea, Hajo Kitzh?fer, Yuko Hayakawa, Frank Mogus, Colin D. Wordsworth, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-02-2001/jw-0216-ternary.html
Using a ternary search tree for fast searches of partial text matches (Page last updated February 2001, Added 2001-03-21, Author Wally Flint, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-threads1.html
When synchronization is required (Page last updated July 2001, Added 2001-07-20, Author Brian Goetz, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-threads2.html
Reducing thread contention (Page last updated September 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Brian Goetz, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2002/04/03/javaenterprise_tips.html
J2EE worst practices (Page last updated April 2002, Added 2002-04-26, Author Brett McLaughlin, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-12-2001/jw-1207-hprof.html
The hprof profiler (Page last updated December 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Author Bill Pierce, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.weblogic.com/docs51/admindocs/tuning.html
Weblogic tuning (generally applicable Java tips extracted) (Page last updated June 2000, Added 2001-03-21, Author BEA Systems, Publisher BEA). Tips:

http://www.weblogic.com/docs51/techdeploy/jdbcperf.html
Weblogic JDBC tuning (Page last updated April 1999, Added 2001-03-21, Author BEA Systems, Publisher BEA). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/websphere/article.cfm?id=40
JDBC optimizing for DB2 (Page last updated April 2002, Added 2002-04-26, Author John Goodson, Publisher WebSphere Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=1171
J2EE Performance tuning (Page last updated October 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author James McGovern, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-09-2001/jw-0907-merlin.html
Using nonblocking I/O and memory-mapped buffers in SDK 1.4. (Page last updated September 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Michael T. Nygard, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=1408
Combining apps in one JVM (Page last updated April 2002, Added 2002-04-26, Author Kirk Pepperdine, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://portals.devx.com/datadirect/Article/6338
JDBC Drivers (Page last updated March 2002, Added 2002-04-26, Author Barrie Sosinsky, Publisher DevX). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/Books/EarlyJ2SE/IO.pdf
Shortened version of chapter 2, "I/O", from "Early Adopter J2SE 1.4" (Page last updated October 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author James Hart, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/Books/EarlyJ2SE/Using.pdf
Shortened version of chapter 5, "Utilities: The Logging Architecture", from "Early Adopter J2SE 1.4" (Page last updated October 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author James Hart, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.AmbySoft.com/javaCodingStandards.pdf
Coding standards with a small but interesting section (section 7.3) on optimizations (Page last updated January 2000, Added 2001-04-20, Author Scott Ambler, Publisher AmbySoft). Tips:

http://win-www.uia.ac.be/~s985218/professional/thesis/archief/documenten/Marktoverzicht.doc
Overview of common application servers. (Announced at http://www.theserverside.com/home/thread.jsp?thread_id=9581). I've extracted the performance related features (Page last updated October 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Pieter Van Gorp, Publisher Van Gorp). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2001/11/07/atomic.html
Atomic File Transactions. (Page last updated November 2001, Added 2001-11-27, Author Jonathan Amsterdam, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2002/02/06/atomic.html
Atomic File Transactions, Part 2 (Page last updated February 2002, Added 2002-02-22, Author Jonathan Amsterdam, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://wireless.java.sun.com/midp/ttips/memory/
MIDP memory tuning (Page last updated June 2002, Added 2002-07-24, Author Jonathan Knudsen, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://java.sun.com/blueprints/patterns/j2ee_patterns/catalog.html
Design patterns catalog (Page last updated 2001, Added 2002-01-25, Author ?, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=1268
EJB design (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-01-25, Author Boris Lublinsky, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/J2EE/despat/
Design Patterns (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-01-25, Author Vijay Ramachandran, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2002/01/16/patterns.html
J2EE Design Patterns for the presentation tier (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-01-25, Author Sue Spielman, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.devx.com/upload/free/Features/Javapro/2002/02feb02/kr0202/kr0202-1.asp
Thread programming (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-01-25, Author Karthik Rangaraju, Publisher DevX). Tips:

http://portals.devx.com/Intel/Article/6441
Some (Intel chip) optimization myths debunked. (Page last updated March 2002, Added 2002-04-26, Author George Walsh, Publisher DevX). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=1280
Benchmarking (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-01-25, Author Glenn Coates & Carl Barratt, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-11-2001/jw-1116-dcl.html
Double-checked locking revisited. (Page last updated November 2001, Added 2001-11-27, Author Brian Goetz, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2001/10/17/rmi.html
Command objects for RMI. (Page last updated October 2001, Added 2001-11-27, Author William Grosso, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2001/10/31/rmi.html
Caching RMI stubs. (Page last updated October 2001, Added 2001-11-27, Author William Grosso, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://intranetjournal.com/articles/200110/gb_10_24_01a.html
Website performance. (Page last updated October 2001, Added 2001-11-27, Author Gordon Benett, Publisher Intranet Journal). Tips:

http://java.sun.com/products/java-media/2D/perf_graphics.html
High performance graphics (Page last updated February 2002, Added 2002-03-25, Author ?, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/JDCTechTips/2002/tt0409.html
Assertions (Page last updated April 2002, Added 2002-04-26, Author Glen McCluskey, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://dcb.sun.com/practices/devnotebook/gc_perspective.jsp
GC performance tuning (Page last updated February 2002, Added 2002-03-25, Author Alka Gupta and Michael Doyle, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=1412
Mobile & wireless devices (Page last updated April 2002, Added 2002-04-26, Author James White, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/J2METechTips/2002/tt0226.html
Minimizing bytecode size for J2ME (Page last updated February 2002, Added 2002-03-25, Author Eric Giguere, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/Programming/JVMPerf/
Sun engineering report on performance tests of various configurations of the 1.2.2 and 1.3 JVM (Page last updated February 2001, Added 2001-02-21, Author Ed Ort, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.jguru.com/jguru/faq/view.jsp?EID=131579
Discussion on JDBC performance (Page last updated August 2000, Added 2001-02-21, Author , Publisher JGuru). Tips:

http://www.theserverside.com/resources/article.jsp?l=J2EEPerformance
Improving J2EE performance (Page last updated May 2002, Added 2002-07-24, Author Scott Marlow, Publisher The Server Side). Tips:

http://jsl.jcon.org/javaperformance.html
An assortment of tips (Page last updated 2000, Added 2000-10-23, Author Curt Smith, Publisher Smith). Tips:

http://www.nandighosha.org/forum/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=185&FORUM_ID=10&CAT_ID=2&Topic_Title=Java+performance+tuning+tips&Forum_Title=Java+%2D+Tips+Of+The+Day
Various performance tips (Page last updated May 2001, Added 2001-06-18, Author Asha Balasubramanyan, Publisher Nandighosha). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-10-2001/jw-1012-deadlock.html
Avoiding synchronization deadlocks (Page last updated October 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Brain Goetz, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.javaspecialists.co.za/archive/Issue038a.html
Counting object creation (Page last updated December 2001, Added 2002-02-22, Author Heinz M. Kabutz, Publisher Kabutz). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=1149
Performance tuning (Page last updated September 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author James McGovern, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/weblogic/article.cfm?id=58
Why CMP is better than BMP (Page last updated April 2002, Added 2002-04-26, Author Tyler Jewell, Publisher Weblogic Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.theserverside.com/resources/article.jsp?l=Building-Sclable-Recoverable-Applications
Scalable recoverable applications (Page last updated May 2002, Added 2002-07-24, Author Billy Newport, Publisher The Server Side). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=1133
Techniques to avoid deadlocks (Page last updated September 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Mark Dykstra, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/excerpt/bldgjavaent_8/index3.html
Stateful to Stateless Bean (Page last updated February 2002, Added 2002-03-25, Author Brett McLaughlin, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.ddj.com/documents/ddj0204a/
Alternatives to using 'new'. (Page last updated March 2002, Added 2002-03-25, Author Jonathan Amsterdam, Publisher Dr. Dobb's). Tips:

http://www.javacoffeebreak.com/articles/network_timeouts/index.html
Timing out sockets (Page last updated 2000, Added 2001-06-18, Author David Reilly, Publisher JavaCoffeeBreak). Tips:

http://www.javaspecialists.co.za/archive/Issue001.html
Deadlocks (Page last updated November 2000, Added 2002-04-26, Author Heinz M. Kabutz, Publisher Kabutz). Tips:

http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-load
Load testing of web applications (Page last updated June 2001, Added 2001-06-18, Author Frank Cohen, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/javaone01/j1-01-patterns.html
J2EE design patterns to improve performance (Page last updated June 2001, Added 2001-06-18, Author Daniel H. Steinberg, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2001/12/19/oraclejdbc.html
Oracle JDBC tips (Page last updated December 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Author Donald Bales, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/jorajdbc/chapter/ch19.html
Chapter 19, "Performance" of Java Programming with Oracle JDBC (Page last updated December 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Author Donald Bales, Publisher O'Reilly). Tips:

http://www.fawcette.com/javapro/2002_01/magazine/columns/weblication/
Database performance (Page last updated December 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Author Peter Varhol, Publisher JavaPro). Tips:

http://www-105.ibm.com/developerworks/education.nsf/java-onlinecourse-bytitle/56A6275393F0BE5786256AFD004DBBB4?OpenDocument
JDBC tutorial (requires free registration) (Page last updated November 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Author Robert J. Brunner, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www-105.ibm.com/developerworks/education.nsf/java-onlinecourse-bytitle/975BFD2C367CFFD686256B0500581B3B?OpenDocument
Advanced JDBC tutorial (requires free registration). (Page last updated November 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Author Robert J. Brunner, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/J2EE/J2EEpatterns/
Performance optimizing design patterns for J2EE (Page last updated December 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Author Vijay Ramachandran, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/J2METechTips/2001/tt0725.html
Flicker-free graphics with the Mobile Information Device Profile (Page last updated July 2001, Added 2001-08-20, Author Eric Giguere, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.ibiblio.org/javafaq/quotes1999.html
Some killer quotes, leading to the odd tip. (Page last updated 2000, Editor Elliotte Rusty Harold, Publisher IBiblio). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-11-2000/jw-1117-performance.html
Article about optimizing I/O performance. (Page last updated November 2000, Added 2000-12-20, Author Brian Goetz, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.theparticle.com/javadata2.html
Particle's pretty good coverage of the main Java data structures. Only a few tuning tips: reuse, pools, optimized sorting. But knowing which structure to use for a particular problem is an important performance tuning technique. (Page last updated April 2000, Added 2000-12-20, Author J. Particle, Publisher Particle). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/javatips/jw-javatip78.html
Article on recycling resource pools (Page last updated 1998, Added 2000-12-20, Authors Philip Bishop and Nigel Warren, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/jw-06-1998/jw-06-object-pool.html
Article on building an object pool for improved performance. (Page last updated June 1998, Added 2000-12-20, Author Thomas E. Davis, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/jw-08-1998/jw-08-object-pool.html
Article on improving object pools performance. (Page last updated September 1998, Added 2000-12-20, Author Thomas E. Davis, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=725
Optimizing JDBC (Page last updated August 2001, Added 2001-08-20, Author John Goodson, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.precisejava.com/javaperf/j2ee/EJB.htm
EJB performance tips (Page last updated November 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Authors Ravi Kalidindi and Rohini Datla, Publisher PreciseJava). Tips:

http://www.precisejava.com/javaperf/j2ee/JDBC.htm
JDBC performance tips (Page last updated November 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Authors Ravi Kalidindi and Rohini Datla, Publisher PreciseJava). Tips:

http://www.precisejava.com/javaperf/j2ee/Servlets.htm
Servlet performance tips (Page last updated November 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Authors Ravi Kalidindi and Rohini Datla, Publisher PreciseJava). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2002/07/17/web.html
High load web servlets (Page last updated July 2002, Added 2002-07-24, Author Pier Fumagalli, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.precisejava.com/javaperf/j2ee/JSP.htm
JSP performance tips (Page last updated November 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Authors Ravi Kalidindi and Rohini Datla, Publisher PreciseJava). Tips:

http://www.precisejava.com/javaperf/j2ee/JMS.htm
JMS performance tips (Page last updated November 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Authors Ravi Kalidindi and Rohini Datla, Publisher PreciseJava). Tips:

http://www.precisejava.com/javaperf/j2ee/Patterns.htm
Pattern performance tips (Page last updated November 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Authors Ravi Kalidindi and Rohini Datla, Publisher PreciseJava). Tips:

http://softwaredev.earthweb.com/java/article/0,,12082_862481,00.html
Writing a seamless audio looper (Page last updated August 2001, Added 2001-08-20, Author Greg Travis, Publisher EarthWeb). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=1307
Generating code dynamically (Page last updated February 2002, Added 2002-02-22, Author Norman Richards, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.j3d.org/tutorials/quick_fix/perf_guide_1_1.html
Java 3D performance tips (Page last updated June 2001, Added 2001-08-20, Author Doug Twilleager, Publisher J3D). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-07-2002/jw-0703-service.html
The Verified Service Locator pattern (Page last updated July 2002, Added 2002-07-24, Author Paulo Caroli, Publication JavaWorld, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/community/chat/JavaLive/2002/jl0515.html
Sun Community chat on Java BluePrints (Page last updated May 2002, Added 2002-07-24, Author Edward Ort, Publication Sun Developer, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2002/07/10/jboss.html
Clustering with JBoss (Page last updated July 2002, Added 2002-07-24, Authors Bill Burke, Sacha Labourey, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://java.ittoolbox.com/pub/SC071902/httprevealer_servlets_itx.htm
Speeding web page downloads using compression (Page last updated July 2002, Added 2002-07-24, Author Steven Chau, Publication HttpRevealer.com, Publisher HttpRevealer.com). Tips:

http://www.theserverside.com/resources/article.jsp?l=Prepared-Statments
Optimizing JDBC Prepared Statments. Also a followup discussion at http://www.theserverside.com/discussion/thread.jsp?thread_id=8013 (Page last updated July 2001, Added 2001-08-20, Author ?, Publisher The Server Side). Tips:

http://billharlan.com/pub/papers/Improving_Swing_Performance.html
Swing performance tips (Page last updated 1999, Added 2001-05-21, Author Bill Harlan, Publisher Harlan). Tips:

http://java.sun.com/products/jfc/tsc/articles/performance/index.html
Swing performance tips (Page last updated March 2001, Added 2001-05-21, Author Steve Wilson, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/excerpt/JavaRMI_10/index.html
Chapter 10, "Serialization" from "Java RMI" (Page last updated November 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Author William Grosso, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.stqemagazine.com/featured.asp?id=10
Web application scalability. (Page last updated June 2000, Added 2001-05-21, Author Billie Shea, Publisher STQE Magazine). Tips:

http://www.stqemagazine.com/featured.asp?id=15
Web Load Test Planning (Page last updated April 2001, Added 2001-05-21, Author Alberto Savoia, Publisher STQE Magazine). Tips:

http://www.theserverside.com/resources/articles/JSP-Performance/ProJsp.html
Performance chapter (chapter 20) from "Professional JSP 2nd Edition" (Page last updated August 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Simon Brown, Robert Burdick, Darko Cokor, Jayson Falkner, Ben Galbraith, RodJohnson, Larry Kim, Casey Kochmer, Thor Kristmundsson, Sing Li, Dan Malks, Mark Nelson, Grant Palmer, Bob Sullivan, Geoff Taylor, John Timney, Sameer Tyagi, Geert Van Damme, Steve Wilkinson, Publisher The Server Side). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/Books/performance2/chap3.pdf
Chapter 3 of "High Performance Java Computing : Multi-Threaded and Networked Programming", "Race Conditions and Mutual Exclusion" (Page last updated January 2001, Added 2001-02-21, Authors George Thiruvathukal, Thomas Christopher, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/Books/performance2/chap4.pdf
Chapter 4 of "High Performance Java Computing : Multi-Threaded and Networked Programming", "Monitors" (Page last updated January 2001, Added 2001-02-21, Authors George Thiruvathukal, Thomas Christopher, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=639
Benchmarking JMS (Page last updated March 2001, Added 2001-03-21, Author Dave Chappell, Bill Wood, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-02-2001/jw-0223-performance.html
Designing Java Performance: reducing object creation (Page last updated March 2001, Added 2001-03-21, Author Brian Goetz, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://theserverside.com/home/thread.jsp?thread_id=3276
Some performance tips (Page last updated January 2001, Added 2001-01-19, Author Shyam Lingegowda, Publisher The Server Side). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2002/01/09/dataexp1.html
Expiring cached data (Page last updated January 2001, Added 2002-01-25, Author William Grosso, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://portals.devx.com/Nokia/Article/6218
J2ME game building (Page last updated April 2002, Added 2002-05-19, Author Dale Crowley, Publisher DevX). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/community/chat/JavaLive/2002/jl0423.html
Sun community chat on High Performance GUIs with the JFC/Swing, with Steve Wilson, Scott Violet, and Chet Haase (Page last updated April 2002, Added 2002-05-19, Author Edward Ort, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/JDCTechTips/2002/tt0709.html
LinkedHashMap and RandomAccess (Page last updated July 2002, Added 2002-07-24, Author Glen McCluskey, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2002/01/30/dataexp2.html
Data expiration in caches (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-02-22, Author William Grosso, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=1534
Emulating another system (a ZX Spectrum) (Page last updated July 2002, Added 2002-07-24, Author Razvan Surdulescu, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.aceshardware.com/read.jsp?id=45000251
Report of how Ace's Hardware made their SPECmine tool blazingly fast (Page last updated December 2001, Added 2002-02-22, Author Chris Rijk, Publisher Ace's Hardware). Tips:

http://lists.xml.org/archives/xml-dev/200201/msg00477.html
Email summarizing best practices for Promoting Scalable Web Services (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-02-22, Author Roger L. Costello, Publisher Costello). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-03-2002/jw-0308-soap.html
Caching SOAP services (Page last updated March 2002, Added 2002-03-25, Author Ozakil Azim and Araf Karsh Hamid, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/JDCTechTips/2002/tt0305.html
String concatenation, and IO performance. (Page last updated March 2002, Added 2002-03-25, Author Glen McCluskey, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/community/chat/JavaLive/2002/jl0305.html
Sun community chat on EJBs with Pravin Tulachan (Page last updated March 2002, Added 2002-03-25, Author Edward Ort, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://softwaredev.earthweb.com/java/article/0,,12082_951051,00.html
Multithreading and read-write locks (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-01-25, Author Nasir Khan, Publisher EarthWeb). Tips:

http://softwaredev.earthweb.com/java/article/0,,12082_951051,00.html
Multithreading and read-write locks, part 2 (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-01-25, Author Nasir Khan, Publisher EarthWeb). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-01-2002/jw-0111-hotspotgc.html
Hotspot garbage collection in detail (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-01-25, Author Ken Gottry, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/webservices/library/ws-quality.html
Quality of service for web services (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-02-22, Author Anbazhagan Mani, Arun Nagarajan, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www.ociweb.com/jnb/jnbMar2002.html
Object Resource Pooling (Page last updated March 2002, Added 2002-03-25, Author Paul King, Publisher OCI). Tips:

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-javaio/
Using NIO (Page last updated March 2002, Added 2002-03-25, Author Aruna Kalagnanam and Balu G., Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www.hpmiddleware.com/newsletters/webservicesnews/features/
J2EE best practices. (Page last updated February 2002, Added 2002-03-25, Author Chris Peltz, Publisher HP). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/excerpt/wirelessjava_ch5/index3.html
MIDP GUI programming (Page last updated March 2002, Added 2002-03-25, Author Qusay Mahmoud, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-12-1999/jw-12-performance.html
Article on the cost of casts (Page last updated December 1999, Added 2000-12-20, Author Dennis M. Sosnoski, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-02-2000/jw-02-performance.html
Article on Java 2 collections (Page last updated , Added 2000-12-20, Author Dennis M. Sosnoski, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/webservices/library/ws-testsoap/
Scaling SOAP-based web services. (Page last updated November 2001, Added 2001-11-27, Author Frank Cohen, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www7b.boulder.ibm.com/wsdd/library/techarticles/0106_brown/sessionfacades.html
Rules and Patterns for Session Facades (Page last updated June 2001, Added 2001-07-20, Author Kyle Brown, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2001/12/19/eejbs.html
EJBs are wonderful (Page last updated December 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Author Tyler Jewell, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.fawcette.com/javapro/2001_12/magazine/features/kkothapalli/
EJB performance tips (Page last updated December 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Author Krishna Kothapalli and Raghava Kothapalli, Publisher JavaPro). Tips:

http://www-1.ibm.com/servers/eserver/zseries/software/java/perform.html
Both Java specific and Java on OS/390 tips. (Page last updated 2000, Added 2000-10-23, Author ?, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javatips/jw-javatip26.html
Javaworld tip article, detailing a buffered RandomAccessFile class. (Page last updated 1998?, Added 2000-10-23, Author Nick Zhang). Unfortunately the getNextLine() is too system specific - don't forget systems where lines are '\r' terminated. Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/jw-09-2001/jw-0907-rmi.html
RMI performance tuning (Page last updated September 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Ashok Mathew and Mark Roulo, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=1160
Local entity beans (Page last updated October 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Alex Pestrikov, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.developer.ibm.com/library/articles/programmer/haggar_bytecode.html
Nice article on understanding bytecodes by Peter Haggar, Added 2000-10-23, Author of "Practical Java". Explains why a synchronized method is faster than a functionally identical synchronized block. (Page last updated 2000, Added 2000-10-23, Author Peter Haggar, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/Books/programming/performance/eperformance/eJavaCh01.pdf
Chapter 1 of "Enterprise Java Performance", "Performance in General". Includes the infamous sentences "It is likely that the code will not meet the performance requirements the very first time it runs. Even if it does, it may be worthwhile to look for some ways to improve it." NO NO NO! If the code meets the performance requirements, DON'T CHANGE IT. Next time guys, ask me to review your book before you publish. (Page last updated 2000, Added 2000-10-23, Authors Steven Halter & Steven Munroe, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/Books/programming/performance/eperformance/eJavaCh04.pdf
Chapter 4 of "Enterprise Java Performance", "Local/Remote Issues". (Page last updated 2000, Added 2000-10-23, Authors Steven Halter & Steven Munroe, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/JDCTechTips/2001/tt0327.html
How to use java.rmi.MarshalledObject (Page last updated March 2001, Added 2001-04-20, Author Stuart Halloway, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-04-1997/jw-04-optimize.html
Doug Bell's article with various low-level techniques and benchmark applets. (Page last updated 1997, Added 2000-10-23, Author Doug Bell, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/ibm/library/i-tuning/?open
Tuning the IBM JVM and Linux (Page last updated May 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Authors Duc Vianney and James Phelan, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www.awlonline.com/product/0,2627,0201616467,00.html
Peter Haggar's Practical Java Programming Language Guide. (Page last updated 2000, Added 2001-01-19, Author Peter Haggar, Publisher Addison-Wesley). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/synd/2001/08/15/embedded.html
Performance tuning embedded Java (Page last updated August 2001, Added 2001-08-20, Author Vincent Perrier, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-07-2001/jw-0720-cache.html
Caching (Page last updated July 2001, Added 2001-08-20, Author Jonathan Lurie, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=712
J2EE challenges (Page last updated June 2001, Added 2001-07-20, Author Chris Kampmeier, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://dev2dev.bea.com/articlesnews/discussion/thread.jsp?forum=1&thread=33
EJB Clustering (Page last updated February 2002, Added 2002-04-26, Author Tyler Jewell, Publisher BEA). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=673
J2EE Application servers (Page last updated April 2001, Added 2001-04-20, Authors Christopher G. Chelliah and Sudhakar Ramakrishnan, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://java.oreilly.com/news/jsptips_1100.html
Hans Bergsten's top ten JSP tips (Page last updated November 2000, Added 2001-01-19, Author Hans Bergsten, Publisher O'Reilly). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-07-2001/jw-0713-optimism.html
The Optimistic Locking pattern (Page last updated July 2001, Added 2001-07-20, Author Yasmin Akbar-Husain and Eoin Lane, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.microjava.com/articles/techtalk/recycle
Reusing objects in embedded Java (Page last updated July 2001, Added 2001-07-20, Author Angus Muir and Roman Bialach, Publisher Micro Java). Tips:

http://www.microjava.com/articles/techtalk/recylcle2
Object recycling part 2 (Page last updated February 2002, Added 2002-02-22, Author Angus Muir and Roman Bialach, Publisher Micro Java). Tips:

http://www.microjava.com/chapter2
Chapter 2, "Java: Fat and Slow?", of "Java 2 Micro Edition: Professional Developer's Guide" referenced from http://www.microjava.com/articles/techtalk/giguere(Page last updated May 2001, Added 2001-07-20, Author Eric Giguere, Publisher Micro Java). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-03-1996/jw-03-animation.html
Animation in java applets article. Old article, but basically sound (the basics haven't changed). (Page last updated March 1996, Added 2000-12-20, Authors Arthur van Hoff and Kathy Walrath, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/uiswing/painting/animation.html
Another tutorial from Sun. This ones on animation (Page last updated ?, Added 2000-12-20, Author ?, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.cs.tcd.ie/courses/baict/bacs/sf/Animation/
Basic animation tutorial (Page last updated ?, Added 2000-12-20, Author Dave ?, Publisher ?). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=713
Moving from JSP to EJB (Page last updated June 2001, Added 2001-06-18, Author Patrick Sean Neville, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.devx.com/judgingjava/articles/maso/default.asp
Judging various aspects of Java, including performance (Page last updated May 2001, Added 2001-06-18, Author Brian Maso, Publisher DevX). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/JavaLP/Interposing/
Using java.lang.reflect.Proxy (Page last updated July 2001, Added 2001-07-20, Author Tom Harpin, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/Books/performance/performance2/appendixa.pdf
Appendix A (Garbage Collection) of "Java Platform Performance: Strategies and Tactics." (Page last updated 2001, Added 2001-04-20, Authors Steve Wilson, Jeff Kesselman, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/InnerWorkings/JDCPerformTips/index.html
Various performance tips from a JavaOne 1998 presentation. (Page last updated September 1998, Added 2000-12-20, Author Tony Squier & Steven Meloan, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2001/09/26/load.html
Load Balancing Web Applications (Page last updated September 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Vivek Veek, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-02-2001/jw-0202-cachedrow.html
Article on using CachedRowSet, a ResultSet that doesn't need continuous connection to the database (Page last updated February 2001, Added 2001-02-21, Author Taylor G. Cowan, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.devx.com/premier/mgznarch/Javapro/2002/03mar02/kj0302/kj0302-1.asp
JMS vs RMI (Page last updated February 2002, Added 2002-02-22, Author Kevin Jones, Publisher DevX). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=1308
Proxy code generation (Page last updated February 2002, Added 2002-02-22, Author Paul McLachlan, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-jtctips/j-jtc0319a.html
Finalizers (Page last updated March 2002, Added 2002-04-26, Author Phil Vickers, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/community/chat/JavaLive/2001/jl0327.html
Sun community chat session: Tuning the Java Runtime for "Big Iron" (Page last updated March 2001, Added 2001-04-20, Author Edward Ort, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=1301
JMS & JCACHE (Page last updated February 2002, Added 2002-02-22, Author Steve Ross-Talbot, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2001/03/01/pseudo_sessions.html
Pseudo Sessions for JSP, Servlets and HTTP (Page last updated March 2001, Added 2001-03-21, Author Budi Kurniawan, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-02-2001/jw-0223-extremescale.html
Clustering for J2EE and Java application servers. Looks at Bluestone Total-e-server, Sybase Enterprise Application Server, SilverStream Application Server, and WebLogic Application Server. (Page last updated February 2001, Added 2001-03-21, Author Abraham Kang, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.messageq.com/communications_middleware/timberlake_1.html
Multicasting efficiency (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-02-22, Author Paul Timberlake, Publisher Message MQ). Tips:

http://www.fawcette.com/javapro/2002_03/magazine/columns/proshop/default.asp
NIO (Page last updated Daniel F. Savarese, Added 2002-02-22, Author February 2002, Publisher JavaPro). Tips:

http://www.nature.com/Physics/Physics.taf?g=&file=/physics/highlights/6882-2.html&filetype=&_UserReference=C0A804EE46B4E669A2A54F7523EA3CC1CE04
Optimizing Searches via Rare Events (Page last updated April 2002, Added 2002-05-19, Authors ANDREA MONTANARI & RICCARDO ZECCHINA, Publisher Nature). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/Programming/compression/
Compression in Java (Page last updated February 2002, Added 2002-02-22, Author Qusay H. Mahmoud and Konstantin Kladko, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.microjava.com/articles/techtalk/kvmprogramming
Porting to KVM (Page last updated February 2002, Added 2002-02-22, Author Shiuh-Lin Lee, Publisher Micro Java). Tips:

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/library/j-leaks/?dwzone=java
Tracking Memory leaks (Page last updated February 2001, Added 2001-03-21, Author Jim Patrick, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/JDCTechTips/2001/tt0807.html
BigDecimal and Enumerations (Page last updated August 2001, Added 2001-08-20, Author Glen McCluskey, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.webdevelopersjournal.com/columns/connection_pool.html
Article on connection pools (Page last updated September 1999, Added 2001-02-21, Author Hans Bergsten, Publisher Web Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.weblogic.com/docs51/techoverview/rmi.html
Weblogic's RMI framework (Page last updated January 1999, Added 2001-03-21, Author , Publisher BEA). Tips:

ftp://ftp.java.sun.com/docs/j2se/1.4/VolatileImage.pdf and http://www.javagaming.org/Docs/VolatileImageAPI.htm
Using VolatileImage (Page last updated May 2001, Added 2001-07-20, Author Someone@sun, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/community/chat/JavaLive/2001/jl0131.html
Sun community chat session on "Optimizing Java Program Performance" with Peter Haggar. (Page last updated January 2001, Added 2001-02-21, Author Edward Ort, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-jtp0410/?loc=j
Java transaction management (JTS) (Page last updated April 2002, Added 2002-04-26, Author Brian Goetz, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www.javareport.com/html/from_pages/article.asp?id=249
Article about frameworks and the effective memory management of objects; avoiding memory leaks by design. (Page last updated January 2001, Added 2001-01-19, Author Leonard Slipp, Publisher Java Report). Tips:

http://www.javareport.com/html/from_pages/article.asp?id=799&mon=4&yr=2001
Various strategies for connecting to databases (Page last updated March 2001, Added 2001-04-20, Author Prakash Malani, Publisher Java Report). Tips:

http://www.java-pro.com/upload/free/features/javapro/2001/01jan01/tm0101/tm0101.asp
Basic article on performance tuning techniques. (Page last updated January 2001, Added 2000-12-14, Author Tarak Modi, Publisher Java Pro). Tips:

http://www.numega.com/library/dmpapers/javamem.shtml
Object creation tuning (Page last updated 2000, Added 2001-07-20, Author Daniel F. Savarese, Publisher Numega). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/releases/nio/
The java.nio packages (updated) (Page last updated December, 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author John Zukowski, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.fawcette.com/javapro/2002_01/magazine/features/rgrehan/
How to Climb a B-tree (Page last updated December 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Author Rick Grehan, Publisher JavaPro). Tips:

http://www.eweek.com/article/0,3658,s=708&a=23115,00.asp
Database comparison (Page last updated February 2002, Added 2002-04-26, Author Timothy Dyck, Publisher E-Week). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/JDCTechTips/2002/tt0507.html
File Channels, StackTraceElements, (Page last updated May 2002, Added 2002-05-19, Author Glen McCluskey, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-12-2001/jw-1207-java101.html
Article about garbage collection and finalization. (Page last updated December 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Author Jeff Friesen, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-jtp0305.html
Java Transaction Service (Page last updated March 2002, Added 2002-03-25, Author Brian Goetz, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/weblogic/article.cfm?id=101
HTTP sessions vs. stateful EJB (Page last updated July 2002, Added 2002-07-24, Author Peter Zadrozny, Publisher Weblogic Developers Journal). Tips:

http://java.sun.com/docs/books/performance/1st_edition/html/JPPerformance.fm.html
Chapter 1, "What Is Performance?" of "Java Platform Performance". (Page last updated 2000, Added 2001-11-27, Author Steve Wilson and Jeff Kesselman, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://java.sun.com/docs/books/performance/1st_edition/html/JPProcess.fm.html
Chapter 2, "The Performance Process" of "Java Platform Performance". (Page last updated 2000, Added 2001-11-27, Author Steve Wilson and Jeff Kesselman, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://java.sun.com/docs/books/performance/1st_edition/html/JPMeasurement.fm.html
Chapter 3, "Measurement Is Everything" of "Java Platform Performance". (Page last updated 2000, Added 2001-11-27, Author Steve Wilson and Jeff Kesselman, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://java.sun.com/docs/books/performance/1st_edition/html/JPIOPerformance.fm.html
Chapter 4, "I/O Performance" of "Java Platform Performance: Strategies and Tactics." (Page last updated 2000, Added 2001-12-27, Author Steve Wilson and Jeff Kesselman, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://java.sun.com/docs/books/performance/1st_edition/html/JPRAMFootprint.fm.html
Chapter 5, "RAM Footprint" of "Java Platform Performance: Strategies and Tactics." (Page last updated 2000, Added 2001-12-27, Author Steve Wilson and Jeff Kesselman, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://java.sun.com/docs/books/performance/1st_edition/html/JPClassLoading.fm.html
Chapter 6, "Controlling Class Loading" of "Java Platform Performance: Strategies and Tactics." (Page last updated 2000, Added 2001-12-27, Author Steve Wilson and Jeff Kesselman, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://java.sun.com/docs/books/performance/1st_edition/html/JPMutability.fm.html
Chapter 7, "Object Mutability: Strings and other things" of "Java Platform Performance: Strategies and Tactics." (Page last updated 2000, Added 2002-02-22, Author Steve Wilson and Jeff Kesselman, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://java.sun.com/docs/books/performance/1st_edition/html/JPAlgorithms.fm.html
Chapter 8, "Algorithms and data structures" of "Java Platform Performance: Strategies and Tactics." (Page last updated 2000, Added 2002-02-22, Author Steve Wilson and Jeff Kesselman, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/Books/performance/ch10.pdf
Chapter 10 (Swing models and renderers) of "Java Platform Performance: Strategies and Tactics." (Page last updated 2000, Added 2000-10-23, Authors Steve Wilson, Jeff Kesselman, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/qow/archive/134/index.jsp
Improving socket transfer rates (Page last updated May 2001, Added 2001-05-21, Author Rama Roberts, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.theserverside.com/resources/article.jsp?l=Tips-On-Performance-Testing-And-Optimization
Server performance testing (Page last updated 2000, Added 2001-05-21, Author Floyd Marinescu, Publisher The Server Side). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/ebeans/sevenrules/
Optimizing entity beans (Page last updated May 2001, Added 2001-05-21, Author Akara Sucharitakul, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=658
EJB best practices (Page last updated April 2001, Added 2001-05-21, Author Sandra L. Emerson, Michael Girdley, Rob Woollen, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-08-2001/jw-0803-extremescale2.html
J2EE clustering (Page last updated August 2001, Added 2001-08-20, Author Abraham Kang, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.java-zone.com/free/articles/Kabutz01/Kabutz01-1.asp
SoftReference-based HashMap (Page last updated August 2001, Added 2001-08-20, Author Heinz Kabutz, Publisher Kabutz). Tips:

http://forums.itworld.com/webx?14@@.ee6bdcf/598!skip=542
Avoiding memory leaks in EJBs (Page last updated April 2001, Added 2001-05-21, Author Govind Seshadri, Publisher IT World). Tips:

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-super.html
Parallel clustering of machines using Java (Page last updated April 2001, Added 2001-04-20, Author Aashish N. Patil, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/TechTips/2000/tt0829.html
The Javap disassembler (Page last updated August 2000, Added 2001-04-20, Author Stuart Halloway, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-02-2001/jw-0216-jfile.html
Speeding up file searching in JFileChooser (Page last updated February 2001, Added 2001-03-21, Author Slav Boleslawski, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.protomatter.com/nate/java-optimization/
Various tips. (Page last updated 1999?, Added 2000-10-23, Author Nate Sammons, Publisher Sammons). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2000/12/15/ejb_clustering.html
"EJB2 clustering with application servers" (Page last updated December 2000, Added 2001-01-19, Author Tyler Jewell, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/community/chat/JavaLive/2000/jl0829.html
Sun community chat session with Steve Wilson and Jeff Kesselman on Java Performance (Page last updated August 2000, Added 2001-01-19, Author Edward Ort, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.java-pro.com/upload/free/features/Javapro/2001/07jul01/ah0107/ah0107-1.asp
Experiences building a servlet (Page last updated June 2001, Added 2001-06-18, Author Asif Habibullah, Jimmy Xu, Publisher Java Pro). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/javatips/jw-javatip122.html
Typesafe Enumeration gotchas (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-01-25, Author Vladimir Roubtsov, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-01-2002/jw-0104-java101.html
Reference objects (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-01-25, Author Jeff Friesen, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.devx.com/upload/free/features/Javapro/2002/03mar02/jt0302/jt0302-1.asp
Optimizing Java for intensive numeric calculations (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-02-22, Author James W. Cooper, Publisher DevX). Tips:

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/ibm/library/i-signalhandling/
OS Signal handling in Java (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-02-22, Author Chris White, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-native.html
Natively compiled code from Java source (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-02-22, Author Martyn Honeyford, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www.javareport.com/html/from_pages/article.asp?id=5769&mon=12&yr=2001
RMI arguments (Page last updated December 2001, Added 2002-02-22, Author Scott Oaks, Publisher Java Report). Tips:

http://www.fawcette.com/javapro/2002_01/online/online_eprods/j2ee_sspielman1_25/
Choosing an application server (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-02-22, Author Sue Spielman, Publisher JavaPro). Tips:

http://www.java-zone.com/free/articles/Liotta01/Liotta01-1.asp
Notated keys to access elements of nested Maps. (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-02-22, Author Matt Liotta, Publisher DevX). Tips:

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-jtctips/j-jtc0117b.html
The Garbage Collector (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-01-25, Author Phil Vickers, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-jtctips/j-jtc0117e.html
Object management (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-01-25, Author Mark Bluemel, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-jtctips/j-jtc0117a.html
JViewport scrolling performance (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-01-25, Author Heather Brailsford, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-jtctips/j-jtc0117d.html
Using JNI Get* calls (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-01-25, Author Mark Bluemel, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www.devx.com/upload/free/Features/Javapro/2002/02feb02/bk0202/bk0202-1.asp
Servlet 2.3 events (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-01-25, Author Budi Kurniawan, Publisher DevX). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/onlineTraining/webcasts/chicago/pdf/j2se.pdf
Sun presentation on J2SE performance strategies (originally accessed from Reginald Hutcherson's page) (Page last updated May 2001, Added 2001-06-18, Author Reginald Hutcherson, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.joot.com/articles/practices.html
Good Java practices, some of which are good for performance. (Page last updated January 2001, Added 2001-01-19, Author Dave Jarvis, Publisher JOOT). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=1169
Javabean component architecture (Page last updated October 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Authors David Hardin and Mike Frerking, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/Using/
The logging APIs (Page last updated September 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Tom Harpin, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-03-2001/jw-0309-games.html
The performance of games on J2ME (Page last updated March 2001, Added 2001-03-21, Author Jason R. Briggs, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/Threads/applet/index.html
Introductory level article on threading applets (Page last updated March 2001, Added 2001-03-21, Author Monica Pawlan, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javatips/jw-javatip18.html
Cute tip on unblocking a blocked socket by sending it data from a timer thread. (Page last updated 1997, Added 2000-10-23, Author Albert Lopez, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=1135
J2EE design optimizations (Page last updated September 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Vijay S. Ramachandran, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.java-zone.com/free/articles/sf0101/sf0101-1.asp
Choosing a J2EE application server, emphasizing the importance of performance issues (Page last updated February 2001, Added 2001-02-21, Author Steve Franklin, Publisher DevX). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-06-2001/jw-0622-filters.html
Servlet Filters (Page last updated June 2001, Added 2001-07-20, Author Jason Hunter, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2001/09/18/jboss.html
Implementing clustering on a J2EE web server (JBoss+Jetty) (Page last updated September 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Bill Burke, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/J2METechTips/2001/tt0917.html
Making HTTP connections using background threads. (Page last updated September 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Eric Giguere, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.macadamian.com/column/column_fastjava.html
Article by Frederic Boulanger with tuning tips. (Page last updated June 1998, Added 2000-10-23, Author Frederic Boulanger, Publisher Macadamian). Tips:

http://www-4.ibm.com/software/os/warp/performance/javatip.htm
IBM's list of Java performance tuning tips (same page, two URLs). (Page last updated 2000, Added 2000-10-23, Author ?, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/ebeans/EJB20CMP/
EJB2.0 Container-Managed Persistence (Page last updated July 2001, Added 2001-08-20, Author Beth Stearns, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://developer.irt.org/script/java.htm
FAQ site with a couple of basic performance tips. (Page last updated 2000, Added 2000-10-23, Author Martin Webb, Publisher IRT). Tips:

http://www.javaspecialists.co.za/archive/Issue002.html
Anonymous inner classes (Page last updated December 2000, Added 2002-04-26, Author Heinz M. Kabutz, Publisher Kabutz). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/qow/archive/153/index.jsp
Minimizing space taken by HTTP downloads (Page last updated October 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Authors Gary Adams and Eric Giguere, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-jtctips/j-jtc0219a.html
Double-if on multi-CPU (Page last updated February 2002, Added 2002-03-25, Author Phil Vickers, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-05-2001/jw-0504-cache.html
Faster JSP with caching (Page last updated May 2001, Added 2001-05-21, Author Serge Knystautas, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/xml/article2a.cfm?id=229
Scaling web services (Page last updated June 2001, Added 2001-07-20, Author Simeon Simeonov, Publisher XML Developers Journal). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/Threads/swing/
Multithreaded Swing Applications (Page last updated September 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Monica Pawlan, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.microjava.com/articles/techtalk/display?PageNo=1
Timers and low-level GUI display effects (Page last updated September 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Roman Bialach, Publisher Micro Java). Tips:

http://www.javareport.com/html/from_pages/article.asp?id=4702&mon=9&yr=2001
Architecting and Designing Scalable, Multitier Systems (Page last updated August 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Michael Minh Nguyen, Publisher Java Report). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/community/chat/JavaLive/2001/jl0619.html
Sun community discussion on "Optimizing Entity Beans" with Akara Sucharitakul (Page last updated June 2001, Added 2001-07-20, Author Edward Ort, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=1081
Optimizing dynamic web pages (Page last updated July 2001, Added 2001-07-20, Author Helen Thomas, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article2a.cfm?id=732
J2ME apps, with a discussion of the needs to balance performance (Page last updated June 2001, Added 2001-07-20, Author Glenn Coates, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.eweek.com/article/0,3658,s=708&a=23125,00.asp
Tuning JVMs for servers. (Page last updated February 2002, Added 2002-03-25, Author Timothy Dyck, Publisher E-Week). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/javaqa/2001-12/01-qa-1207-ziprmi.html
Data compression (Page last updated December 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Author Tony Sintes, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.devx.com/premier/mgznarch/javapro/2001/01dec01/sl0112/sl0112-1.asp
Creating Web-based, interactive graphics. (Page last updated December 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Author Steve Lloyd, Publisher DevX). Tips:

http://www.javaspecialists.co.za/archive/Issue042.html
Inverting booleans (Page last updated February 2002, Added 2002-03-25, Author Heinz M. Kabutz, Publisher Kabutz). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-02-2002/jw-0222-designpatterns.html
The Proxy design pattern. (Page last updated February 2002, Added 2002-03-25, Author David Geary, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://forums.itworld.com/webx?14@@.ee6b80a/534!skip=470
Stateful vs Stateless EJBs (Page last updated May 2001, Added 2001-05-21, Author Chuck Caveness, Doug Pardee, Publisher IT World). Tips:

http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2002/01/16/deviant.html
Webservices SOAP communications overheads (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-02-22, Author Leigh Dodds, Publisher XML). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/community/chat/JavaLive/2001/jl0109.html
Sun community chat session on "Threading and Concurrency in the Java Platform" with Thomas Christopher and George Thiruvathukal (Page last updated January 2001, Added 2001-02-21, Author Edward Ort, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.microjava.com/articles/techtalk/object_lists?content_id=1152
Basic article on a minimal ArrayList implementation, from a micro-Java slant (Page last updated March 2001, Added 2001-04-20, Author Lee Miles, Publisher Micro Java). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/weblogic/article.cfm?id=102
Precompiling JSPs (Page last updated July 2002, Added 2002-07-24, Author Steve Mueller, Scot Weber, Publisher Weblogic Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www7b.boulder.ibm.com/dmdd/library/techarticle/0204pooloth/0204pooloth.html
High performance inserts with DB2 and JDBC (Page last updated April 2002, Added 2002-07-24, Author Krishnakumar Pooloth, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/JDCTechTips/2001/tt0518.html#optimizing
Optimizing StringBuffer usage (Page last updated May 2001, Added 2001-05-21, Author Glen McCluskey, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/jw-09-2001/jw-0914-access.html
Customized high-speed, fine-grained access control (Page last updated September 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Wally Flint, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.allaire.com/Handlers/index.cfm?ID=17266&Method=Full&Cache=Off
Connection Pooling with JRun (Page last updated June 2001, Added 2001-08-20, Author Karl Moss, Publisher Allaire). Tips:

http://www.as400.ibm.com/developer/java/faq/perffaq.html
Some IBM Java performance tips. Although intended for AS/400 Java, many tips are generally applicable (Page last updated ?, Added 2000-10-23, Author ?, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www.messageq.com/systems_management/currie_1.html
Monitoring Networked Applications (Page last updated March 2002, Added 2002-04-26, Author Russ Currie, Publisher Message MQ). Tips:

http://www.theserverside.com/resources/article.jsp?l=Is-EJB-Appropriate
Deciding whether EJB is appropriate. (Page last updated September 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Ed Roman, Publisher The Server Side). Tips:

http://java.oreilly.com/news/javaxslt_0801.html
Tips on using XSLT (Page last updated August 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Eric M. Burke, Publisher O'Reilly). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/Books/J2EETech/ch3.pdf
Rambling discussion of building J.Crew website, in Chapter 3 of "J2EE Technology in Practice" (Page last updated September 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Authors Dao Ren, Dr. Rick Cattell and Jim Inscore, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/javaqa/2001-11/02-qa-1109-boolean.html
Converting booleans to strings. (Page last updated November 2001, Added 2001-11-27, Author Tony Sintes, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/JDCTechTips/2001/tt0925.html
Generating integer random numbers (Page last updated September 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author John Zukowski, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.aikido.ozactivity.com.au/doc/en/administration/server_tune_procs.html
Tuning tips intended for Sun's "Web Server" product, but actually generally applicable. (Page last updated 1999, Added 2000-10-23, Author ? - a Sun document, Publisher Aikido). Tips:

http://www.ibm.com/java/education/javahipr/javahipr1.html
Research paper on high performance Java. (Page last updated 1999, Added 2000-10-23, Author Sandeep K. Singhal, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/javatips/jw-javatip21.html
Use a zip archive to download classes. (Page last updated 1997, Added 2000-10-23, Author John D. Mitchell, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2001/12/12/jms_not.html
JMS & CORBA (Page last updated December 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Author Steve Trythall, Publisher OnJava). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-01-2002/jw-0125-overpower.html
Wrapping PreparedStatement (Page last updated January 2002, Added 2002-02-22, Author Bob Byron and Troy Thompson, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/javaqa/2001-09/02-qa-0921-double.html
String to double (Page last updated September 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Tony Sintes, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.owlmountain.com/tutorials/NonBlockingIo.htm
Tutorial on non-blocking socket I/O available from JDK 1.4 (Page last updated September 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Tim Burns, Publisher Owl Mountain). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/community/chat/JavaLive/2000/jl1212.html
Sun community chat session with Bill Shannon, Kevin Osborn, and Jim Glennon on JavaMail (Page last updated December 2000, Added 2001-01-19, Author Edward Ort, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-diag8.html
Optimizing recursive methods (Page last updated June 2001, Added 2001-06-18, Author Eric E. Allen, Publisher IBM). Tips:

http://softwaredev.earthweb.com/java/article/0,,12082_778571,00.html
Java collections (Page last updated June 2001, Added 2001-06-18, Author Richard G. Baldwin, Publisher EarthWeb). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=1165
The facade pattern for internationalization (Page last updated October 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author David Gallardo, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://www.sys-con.com/java/article.cfm?id=723
Computational planning and scheduling problem solving (not performance tuning) (Page last updated June 2001, Added 2001-06-18, Author Irvin Lustig, Publisher Java Developers Journal). Tips:

http://m5.peakin.com/html/body_performance.html
Various tips. For web servers? (Page last updated 2000, Added 2000-10-23, Author ?, Publisher ?). Tips:

http://javazoid.com/OptimizingSqlView.html
Optimizing padded string display (Page last updated June 2002, Added 2002-07-24, Author Gervase Gallant, Publisher JavaZoid). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-12-2000/jw-1229-traps.html
Runtime.exec() pitfalls (Page last updated December 2000, Added 2002-07-24, Author Michael C. Daconta, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://sharkysoft.com/software/lava/docs/lavadocs/lava/clib/stdio/doc-files/optimize.htm
A worked example of optimizing Lava Rocks Java Printf. (Page last updated 1999, Added 2000-10-23, Author ?, Publisher SharkySoft). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-03-2002/jw-0315-jms.html
JMS redelivery (Page last updated March 2002, Added 2002-03-25, Author Prakash Malani, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.ibiblio.org/javafaq/slides/sd2000east/javaio/Java_I_O.html
Java I/O tutorial by Elliotte Rusty Harold (author of O'Reilly's Java I/O book). (Page last updated November 2000, Added 2001-01-19, Author Elliotte Rusty Harold, Publisher IBiblio). Tips:

http://docs.iplanet.com/docs/manuals/fasttrak/41/servlets/1-using.htm#17322
iPlanet Web Server guide to servlets, with a section at the end on "Maximizing Servlet Performance". (Page last updated July 2000, Added 2001-02-21, Author ?, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.ddj.com/articles/1996/9604/9604e/9604e.htm
Paul Tyma's article on low level Java optimizations. (Page last updated 1996, Added 2000-10-23, Author Paul Tyma, Publisher Dr. Dobb's). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-06-1997/jw-06-plugins.html
Improving applet download time by installing the applet on the client. (Page last updated 1997, Added 2000-10-23, Author Mark Roulo, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/community/chat/JavaLive/2001/jl1113.html
Sun community chat on iPlanet (Page last updated November 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Author Edward Ort, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.ddj.com/articles/2001/0109/0109a/0109a.htm
Developing Scalable Distributed Applications (Page last updated August 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Mario A. Torres, Publisher Dr. Dobb's). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/javaqa/2001-08/01-qa-0817-static.html
Inner classes (Page last updated August 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Tony Sintes, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-03-2000/jw-03-javaperf_2.html
Basic performance tuning intro (Page last updated March 2000, Added 2001-03-21, Author Reggie Hutcherson, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-12-2001/jw-1214-jylog.html
JyLog logger (Page last updated December 2001, Added 2001-12-26, Author Sanjay Dahiya, Publisher JavaWorld). Tips:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/J2METechTips/2001/tt0416.html
Using Timers (java.util.Timer) (Page last updated April 2001, Added 2001-04-20, Author Eric Giguere, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://www.sunworld.com/sunworldonline/swol-11-1998/swol-11-itarchitect.html
Article on high availability architecture. If the system isn't up when you need it, its not performing. (Page last updated November 1998, Added 2000-10-23, Author Sam Wong, Publisher Sun). Tips:

http://codeguru.earthweb.com/java/articles/511.shtml
http://soso.mtlab.hit.edu.cn/codeguru/511.shtml.htm
Another "use StringBuffer instead of '+' tip. (Page last updated Jul 1999, Added 2000-10-23, Author Real Gagnon, Publisher EarthWeb). Tips:

http://www.spec.org/osg/jbb2000/docs/userguide.html
Tuning the SPECjbb2000 Java specmark. (Page last updated 2000, Added 2000-10-23, Author ?, Publisher SPEC). Tips:

http://discuss.develop.com/archives/wa.exe?A2=ind0010A&L=DOTNET&P=R28572
Microsoft discussion about csharp garbage collection (the Java clone unsurprisingly has similar issues) (Page last updated October 2001, Added 2001-10-22, Author Brian Harry, Publisher Harry). Tips:

http://www.sun.com/software/white-papers/wp-optimize/optimize-part1.pdf
http://www.sun.com/software/white-papers/wp-optimize/optimize-part2.pdf
Sun system (not Java) profiling with Sun WorkShop. (Page last updated 1998, Added 2000-10-23, Author ?, Publisher Sun). Tips:


(Page last updated , Added 2002-10-30, Author , Publisher ). Tips:


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